2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) was one of the first ingredients used for weight loss in the 1930s. It is a mitochondrial decomposer drug that causes weight by interfering with the body’s chemical reactions that produce and store energy to release it as heat. loss. However, it can also cause body temperature to become uncontrollable.
In the 1960s, all FDA-approved weight loss pills were amphetamine derivatives that acted as appetite suppressants, but these drugs are addictive and can cause dangerously high blood pressure. Although they can reduce body weight by 5-10%, they should not be taken for a long time. Many drugs that have been approved by the FDA since the 1990s have been withdrawn from the market due to their toxic effects, and when the drugs are discontinued, patients often regain their weight, which is of no interest to the patients.
2. Emergence of the weight loss peptide: semaglutide
In June 2014, the US FDA approved the marketing of Wegovy (semaglutide), manufactured by Novo Nordisk, for the long-term treatment of human obesity. It is the first new drug to be approved by the US FDA for obese or overweight patients since 2014 and represents research and innovation in weight loss medicine.
It mimics the action of GLP-1, a substance released by the gastrointestinal tract that plays a role in controlling blood sugar. Almost all approved GLP-1 receptor agonists also cause weight loss when used to treat diabetes. In clinical trials for obese patients, Wegovy achieved remarkable weight loss. Combined with lifestyle changes, patients lost an average of more than 15% of their body weight, while the control group lost only 2.5% of their weight.
Many biomedical and technology companies are currently developing new treatments that target hormone signaling pathways. For example, the combination of Novo Nordisk’s amylin analogs, canaglitide and semaglutide, resulted in significant weight loss in phase I diagnosis.
3. Liraglutide is a safe and effective drug for the treatment of obesity.
Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 analogue that activates pancreatic beta due to glucose, voluntarily stimulating insulin production and release. reduces insulin synthesis and secretion. The body’s blood sugar. It is a treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
On December 23, 2014, liraglutide was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of overweight and obesity in adults (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg m-2 or BMI ≥ 27 kg m). -2, and there is at least one obesity problem (such as T2DM, hypertension, etc.). It is currently widely used in the United States and European Union for weight control. Sensitivity to sweet and bitter has no effect on health satisfaction can change people’s sense of taste and In addition, liraglutide can increase thermogenesis and reduce visceral fat by content and reduce fat content in BAT and WAT, reduce body weight Intravenous drugs can be administered subcutaneously once a day. Studies have shown that liraglutide can reduce subcutaneous fat and abdominal visceral adipose tissue in obese people, control weight in obese people, and reduce BMI in obese people. It is a safe and effective drug for the treatment of obesity
4. Weight loss evaluation of Exenatide
Exenatide is a biological peptide containing 39 amino acids, extracted from the salivary glands of the American scorpion. Amilin was developed in partnership with Eli Lilly and the United States Company and is used in patients with T2DM whose blood sugar is not well controlled with metformin or sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs. Exenatide was released in the United States in 2005.
Exenatide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist used only in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In addition to controlling blood sugar and insulin activity, it can reduce the patient’s weight. Significant studies show that exenatide also has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties
Exenatide, such as Miraglutide, is effective in obese and obese patients with type 2 diabetes 2. Exenatide is currently only recommended for obese patients.
